COVID-19 Risk Factors
literature database & meta-analysis

Last update : 2021-08-05 08:37:15 (GMT+2)   |  276 factors investigated   |  1766 estimates included  |  219 articles processed  |  QC progress: 50%

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Green: significant protective factor
Red: significant risk factor
§ adjusted estimate (see article details)
estimated using data reported in the article
Outcome Risk category Risk [exposed vs. unexposed] Risk estimate (95% CI) Author [URL] View QC
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Neurological disorder [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.170 (1.060-1.290) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Obesity [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.330 (1.190-1.490) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Diabetes [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.060 (0.990-1.140) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Chronic kidney disease [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.280 (1.180-1.390) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Chronic respiratory disease [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.170 (1.090-1.270) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Comorbidities Chronic cardiac disease [Present vs. Not present] Hazard ratio: 1.160 (1.080-1.240) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Gender [Female vs. Male] Hazard ratio: 0.810 (0.750-0.860) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Age [>=80 vs. <50 years] Hazard ratio: 11.090 (8.930-13.770) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Age [70-79 years vs. <50 years] Hazard ratio: 8.510 (6.850-10.570) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Age [60-69 years vs. <50 years] Hazard ratio: 4.990 (3.990-6.250) § Docherty
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Age [50-59 years vs. <50 years] Hazard ratio: 2.630 (2.060-3.350) § Docherty
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Ageusia [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 4.760 (1.500-14.800) § Corbellini
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Anosmia [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 18.470 (2.310-147.700) § Corbellini
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Smell or taste change [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 21.400 (2.770-165.400) § Corbellini
COVID-19 (death) Treatment Treatment for COVID-19 [Treated with tocilizumab vs. Not received] Hazard ratio: 0.035 (0.004-0.347) § Capra
COVID-19 in diabetes (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Glucose [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.060 (0.960-1.170) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings CRP [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.160 (1.010-1.320) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Creatinine [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.010 (1.000-1.020) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Albumin [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 0.910 (0.830-0.990) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (death) Laboratory Findings Glucose [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.070 (0.970-1.170) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (death) Laboratory Findings CRP [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.120 (1.000-1.240) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (death) Laboratory Findings Creatinine [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.001 (1.001-1.002) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (death) Laboratory Findings Albumin [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 0.940 (0.840-1.050) § Chen
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Glucose [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.060 (1.000-1.130) § Chen
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings CRP [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.200 (1.130-1.280) § Chen
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Creatinine [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.000 (1.000-1.010) § Chen
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Laboratory Findings Albumin [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 0.980 (0.950-1.020) § Chen
COVID-19 (death) Laboratory Findings Glucose [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.080 (1.010-1.160) § Chen
COVID-19 (death) Laboratory Findings CRP [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.140 (1.080-1.210) § Chen
COVID-19 (death) Laboratory Findings Creatinine [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.000 (1.000-1.000) § Chen
COVID-19 (death) Laboratory Findings Albumin [1 unit increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 0.910 (0.860-0.970) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (severe/fatal) Patient characteristics Age [1 year increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.020 (0.990-1.050) § Chen
COVID-19 in diabetes (death) Patient characteristics Age [1 year increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.090 (1.040-1.150) § Chen
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Patient characteristics Age [1 year increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.020 (1.010-1.030) § Chen
COVID-19 (death) Patient characteristics Age [1 year increase vs. Not applicable] Odds ratio: 1.090 (1.070-1.120) § Chen
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Sore throat [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 0.667 (0.622-0.715) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Chest pain [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.170 (1.096-1.249) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Abdominal pain [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.231 (1.136-1.335) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Shortness of breath [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.261 (1.219-1.306) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Headache [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.336 (1.243-1.436) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Hoarse voice [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.353 (1.261-1.452) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Delirium [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.404 (1.286-1.534) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Diarrhoea [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.479 (1.370-1.596) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Persistent cough [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.571 (1.473-1.675) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Fever [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 1.653 (1.539-1.775) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Fatigue [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 2.016 (1.920-2.116) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Skipped meals [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 2.239 (2.090-2.399) § Menni
SARS COV-2 infection Symptoms Anosmia [Present vs. Not present] Odds ratio: 6.397 (5.958-6.870) § Menni
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Patient characteristics BMI for Women [Obesity (>=28 kg/m2) vs. Normal (18.5–23.9 kg/m2)] Odds ratio: 0.700 (0.070-7.200) § Cai
COVID-19 (severe/fatal) Patient characteristics BMI for Women [Overweight (24–27.9 kg/m2) vs. Normal (18.5–23.9 kg/m2)] Odds ratio: 1.640 (0.630-4.290) § Cai
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