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Article data
Zhang (2020)
Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.012
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32304745/

Results
Symptoms
Sputum production (Present vs. Not present)
COVID-19 (unimprovement)
Odds ratio: 1.796 (1.062-3.036) Adjusted model

Study characteristics

China

Retrospective observational study

Medical records

663

All consecutive COVID-19 patients confirmed via PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 11th to February 6th, 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study.

A confirmed COVID-19 case was defined as a positive result on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in both the nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens. 321 (48.4%) were men, with a median age of 57.8 years (IQR, 46-70; range, 23-95 years), and 342 (51.6%) were women, with a median age of 57.8 years (IQR, 42-67; range, 16-90 years)

Total

26 Day


Results

COVID-19 (unimprovement)

412

When patients have fever or respiratory symptoms, they are identified as moderate condition. If patients have one of the three situations, they are considered as severe condition: respiratory distress and the respiratory rate is higher than 30 times per minute; fingertip blood oxygen saturation is less than 93% at rest; Partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) / fraction of inspiration oxygen (FiO2) ?300mmHg. When patients contain one of the following three situation, they are identified as critical condition: respiratory failure, requiring mechanical ventilation; shock condition; with other organ failure requires ICU treatment.

Symptoms

Sputum production

Expectoration

Not present

Present

Odds ratio

1.796 (1.062-3.036)

No

Yes

Yes

Male Gender, Severe and critical condition, Expectoration, Muscle ache, Decreased Albumin, lymphocytes, age, occupation, Cardiovascular disease, Dyspnea, Chest tightness, Fever, Bilateral pneumonia, Reduced hemoglobin, Increased ALT, Increased AST, Increased LDH, Damaged kidney function, Increased CRP


Other information

none

Average

Yes

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