COVID Risk | Literature database and meta-analysis page 5

Last update : 2021-08-05 08:37:15 (GMT+2) | 276 factors investigated | 1766 estimates included | 219 articles processed | QC progress: 50%

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Associated factors

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Green: significant protective factor
Red: significant risk factor
^§ adjusted estimate (see article details)
^† estimated using data reported in the article

Outcome	Risk category	Risk [exposed vs. unexposed]	Risk estimate (95% CI)	Author [URL]	View	QC
COVID-19 (death)	Treatment	Treatment for COVID-19 [Treated with dexamethasone vs. Usual care]	Risk ratio: 0.830 (0.740-0.920) ^§	Horby
COVID-19 (death)	Treatment	Treatment for COVID-19 [Treated with corticosteroid vs. Not received]	Hazard ratio: 2.300 (1.000-5.290)	Ye
COVID-19 (death)	Treatment	Treatment for COVID-19 [Treated with corticosteroid vs. Not received]	Hazard ratio: 0.410 (0.200-0.830)	Ye
SARS COV-2 infection	Symptoms	Symptomatic SARS COV-2 infection [Present vs. Not present]	Odds ratio: 1.212 (0.522-2.815)	Yin
SARS COV-2 infection	Symptoms	Symptomatic SARS COV-2 infection [Present vs. Not present]	Odds ratio: 1.568 (0.679-3.620)	Yin
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Gender [Male vs. Female]	Hazard ratio: 0.920 (0.770-1.110) ^§	Petrilli
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [>=75 years vs. 19-44 years]	Hazard ratio: 7.690 (4.600-12.840) ^§	Petrilli
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [65-74 years vs. 19-44 years]	Hazard ratio: 4.830 (2.930-7.960) ^§	Petrilli
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [55-64 years vs. 19-44 years]	Hazard ratio: 3.180 (1.930-5.210) ^§	Petrilli
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [45-54 years vs. 19-44 years]	Hazard ratio: 1.950 (1.160-3.310) ^§	Petrilli
COVID-19 (severe/critical)	Laboratory Findings	Lymphopenia at hospital admission [Present vs. Not present]	Odds ratio: 2.990 (1.310-6.820)	Zhao
COVID-19 (death)	Laboratory Findings	D-dimer [Abnormal at admission vs. Normal]	Hazard ratio: 22.400 (2.860-175.700) ^§	Zhang
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Immunocompromised [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.690 (1.210-2.340) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Autoimmune diseases [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.230 (1.120-1.350) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Spleen diseases [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.410 (0.930-2.120) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Organ transplantation [Yes vs. No]	Hazard ratio: 4.270 (3.200-5.700) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Kidney disease [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.720 (1.620-1.830) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	other neurological diseases [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 2.460 (2.190-2.760) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Stroke/dementia [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.790 (1.670-1.930) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Liver disease [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.610 (1.330-1.950) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Haematological malignancy [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.880 (1.550-2.290) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Haematological malignancy [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 3.120 (2.500-3.890) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Haematological malignancy [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 3.520 (2.410-5.140) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Non-hematologic Cancer [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 0.970 (0.880-1.060) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Non-hematologic Cancer [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.190 (1.040-1.350) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Non-hematologic Cancer [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.560 (1.290-1.890) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Diabetes [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.870 (1.630-2.160) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Diabetes [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 2.360 (2.180-2.560) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Diabetes [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.500 (1.400-1.600) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Chronic heart disease [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.270 (1.200-1.350) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Asthma [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.250 (1.080-1.440) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Asthma [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.110 (1.020-1.200) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Respiratory disease [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 1.780 (1.670-1.900) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Comorbidities	Hypertension [Present vs. Not present]	Hazard ratio: 0.950 (0.890-1.010) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Other	Economic regions [IMD 5th quintile vs. IMD 1st quintile]	Hazard ratio: 1.750 (1.600-1.910) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Other	Economic regions [IMD 4th quintile vs. IMD 1st quintile]	Hazard ratio: 1.490 (1.370-1.630) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Other	Economic regions [IMD 3rd quintile vs. IMD 1st quintile]	Hazard ratio: 1.230 (1.130-1.350) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Other	Economic regions [IMD 2nd quintile vs. IMD 1st quintile]	Hazard ratio: 1.130 (1.040-1.240) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Ethnicity [Other vs. White]	Hazard ratio: 1.330 (1.030-1.730) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Ethnicity [Black vs. White]	Hazard ratio: 1.710 (1.440-2.020) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Ethnicity [Asian vs. White]	Hazard ratio: 1.620 (1.430-1.820) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Ethnicity [Mixed vs. White]	Hazard ratio: 1.640 (1.190-2.260) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Smoking [Present vs. No history of smoking]	Hazard ratio: 0.880 (0.790-0.990) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Smoking [History of smoking vs. No history of smoking]	Hazard ratio: 1.250 (1.180-1.330) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	BMI [Severe obesity (>40kg/m2) vs. Non-obese (BMI<30)]	Hazard ratio: 2.270 (1.990-2.580) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	BMI [Severe obesity (35-40kg/m2) vs. Non-obese (BMI<30)]	Hazard ratio: 1.560 (1.410-1.730) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	BMI [Obesity (30-35kg/m2) vs. Non-obese (BMI<30)]	Hazard ratio: 1.270 (1.180-1.360) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Gender [Male vs. Female]	Hazard ratio: 1.990 (1.880-2.100) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [>=80 years vs. 50-59 years]	Hazard ratio: 12.640 (11.190-14.280) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
COVID-19 (death)	Patient characteristics	Age [70-79 years vs. 50-59 years]	Hazard ratio: 4.770 (4.230-5.380) ^§	The OpenSAFELY Collaborative

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